Marsh Crane Fly

Tipula oleracea · Order: Diptera · Family: Tipulidae

Damages trees, gardens or crops. The larvae can damage crops such as cabbage by feeding on roots and decaying plant matter.

Source: Wikipedia

Marsh Crane Fly
Photo: Joseph Rojas, CC BY

The marsh crane fly has wings 18 to 28 mm long and is usually greyish, sometimes with a reddish abdomen and dark longitudinal stripes. Adults fly from April to June and again from August to October, and the whole life cycle lasts up to eight months.

Source: Wikipedia

How to recognize it

It is generally greyish, but the abdomen can be reddish and may show blackish median or side stripes.

Source: Wikipedia

Size

Wing length ranges from 18 to 28 mm.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it lives

It lives in wet meadows, gardens and cultivated areas where it can lay eggs. Its range extends south to North Africa, stopping at Algeria in the east.

Source: Wikipedia

What it eats

Adults feed only on liquid foods like nectar. Larvae eat decaying vegetable matter and delicate plant roots, which can harm crops.

Source: Wikipedia

Life cycle

The complete life cycle can take up to eight months. Larval development lasts about four months and includes four molts.

Source: Wikipedia

When you see it

Adults are active in early summer (April-June, peaking May-June) and again in late summer (August-October).

Source: Wikipedia

Where it comes from

The species is common throughout Europe. It is also found on some Greek islands such as Crete and on Malta.

Source: Wikipedia

Lookalikes

It can be confused with Tipula paludosa and Tipula czizeki.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it is found in the US

Recorded in 29 of 51 states and DC. Most records: California, Massachusetts, Oregon, New York, Washington, Utah, Idaho, Pennsylvania.

Darker = more records. Counts are museum and citizen-science records, not population size.

Source: GBIF

Status: introduced in North America; introduced in United States; introduced in Canada. Source: iNaturalist

Months it is reported in the US

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Source: GBIF

More photos

Questions people ask

Can they damage my garden?

Yes, the larvae can feed on roots of garden plants and damage crops such as cabbage.

Source: Wikipedia

When are they most likely to appear?

Adults are most common from April to June and again from August to October.

Source: Wikipedia

Same family (Tipulidae)

Sources

  • Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipula_oleracea

Look it up elsewhere: GBIF · iNaturalist · BugGuide · Wikipedia

Text written 2026-10-22 from the sources above and checked sentence by sentence against them. Data fetched 2026-10-22.

How this page works

This is one bug's fact sheet. The colored box at the top says whether it is dangerous. Sections below cover how to recognize it, whether it is a pest, and how to deal with it. The US map shows which states have records; tap a state to see other bugs there.

Every fact on Bug FAQ comes from a named source (university extension sites, government agencies, GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikipedia). The source is linked next to each section. If we have no source for something, we leave it out.